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2 SheetuslSuheet 1.

A. WARTH.

Sewing Machine.

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No. 73,063. Patented Jany- 7, 1868.

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"2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. WARTH.

l 'A Sewing MaC'nineL y w No. 73,063. Patented Jany 7, 1868.

N. PETERS, Pnammbopzphsr, Wnmngwn. D. c

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lALBIN WARTH, 'oF sTAPLEToN, New YORK.

Letters Patent No. 73,063, dated January 7, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWI'NG-MAGHINES.

iro ALL WHoM-IT MAY eoNeEnN: I -Be it known that I, ALBIN WARTII, of Stapleton, in the county of RiehmondLand in the State of New York,

have invented a new and useful Improvement in SewinglMachines; and I do hereby declare. that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, rel`erencc being had to the accompanying drawing, forming` part of this specification, in which drawing- Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a sewing-machine made according to this invention,

the line xx, tig. 2, indicating the plane of section. I v

Figui-c 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same, the plane of' section being indicated by the line yy, tig. 1.

Figure`3 is an inverted plan of the same.

Figure lis a transverse sectionof the take-'up and tension-device, the line z e, fig.v 1, indicating the plane of section; i

The remaining iigures are details, which will be referred to as the description progresses.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

The 'letter A designates the sewing-'machine table, having` a depression across it to form a shuttle-race. B is the needle-arm, inrwhich the needle-lever C is supported adjstably,in the following manner, to wit: The

axis on which said needle-lever C vibrates,'rests at one end in a. bearing provided for it in the side of said arm,

B, and at its other end in thevertical part of a bearing formed by a. right-angled piece, D, whose horizontal part rests and slides in ways formed for it on the bottouof the horizontal portion of said arin, and is' fixed in anyvposition by'a set-screw. AEachend of the said axis can be Aoiled through holes provided for that purpose in'the arm B, and in the top of the adjustable bea-ring. l

The needlelever derives its motions from the main shaft E, through an eccentric, r", on said shaft, which isA embraced by a` strap formed at the lower end of the upright, connecting rod F, whose upper 'end is connected -to the needle-lever C by means of around pin, G, whichis hinged to the top of the rod by a horizontal pin,

and extends from the rod through the solid end of the needle-lever into the loop E, which is formed inthe said needle-lever behind its axis. The end of the pin projects into the loop far enough vte receive a pin which 'secures it to the said lever. By this arrangement and construction I form a joint, which allows anup-and-down motion of the connecting-rod and needle-lever, and also an oscillating motion -of the connecting-rod on the pin Gr, imparted to it by the eccentric f7., A

.lhe needle-lever C is connected to the needle-slide M by a jaw, J', which embraces the end of an arm, K,

that projects inwardly from the needle-slide.l The arm K is not fastened rigidly in said jaw, but merely projects therein sothat in the vibrations of the needle-lever the arm will be alternately raised and lowered.

The arm K of the needle-slide is held up against the topof thejaw J by a spring, L, fastened to the under side of the needle-lever, to.prevent play of the needle-slide when, in its reciprocations, its motion is changed from a downward to an upward direction. By thi's'means,- the needleslide arm K is always held up against that part of the jaw which drives the needle downwards, and lost motion from wear of the jaw or plate is obvia ated, and the needle is lprevented from becoming stationary at the end of its reciprocations. By the combined action of the jaw and arm, the tubular needle-slide is also prevented from turning units guide-rod. The spring L is adjusted to increase or decrease its tension by'nn adjusting-screw, N, and, ifdesired, it may be placed above the arm C, instead of below it.

The needle-slide M is hollow, being left open above to allow it to slide up and down upon ahollow 'stationary guide, O, which it embraces, as shown inthe drawing. The lower end of the slide is made solid, and is so formed as to hold thc needle by means of a clamp and sensei-cw. The presser-slide P is also hollow, having its bottom closedA and its top left opento allow it to surround and slide upon a hollow stationary gnide=rod, Q. The slide P is prevented from falling o5 its guide-rod by means of a pin extending from said rod through a vertical slot in the slide. -Said pin arid slot are not shown'in the drawing, nor is the lever shown which moves' the slide upwards'to raise thepresserffoot o' the feed-wheel, the said pin and slot and lever being of the ordinary construction. The pressure-slide is held down by means of a spring coiled vupon thevguide-rod Q, between the top ofthe slide and a collar, R, which is adjusted-:on ther-od by screwing it up or down thereon.

I The object of making the needle-slide and the' pressureslide hollow or'tubular, and of placing them upon stationary guides, Lis t'o enable oneto lubricate the said slides in such a manner as to prevent til from dripping therefrom upon the table and injuring the material that is being sewed, the oil which is in excess being retained in the bottoms ofthe hollow slides.

The guide-rods O Q are made hollow throughout to allow the air to pass in and out of the slides during their descent and ascent on `the guide-rods. Both the said guide-rods are supported from the end 4of an arm, B, in tapering holes, which decrease in diameter` as they descend, the upper portions of said rod beingr made tapering from the tops downward for alittle distance-so as to fit the tapering holes. -The object of this'arrangement is to allow the said rods to be raised easily out of the holes of arm B, when it is desired to remove them forrepnirs.

The rods O Q areheld down in the arm by a single screw, S, which is screwed down into the arm at apont intermediate of the rods, its head being made of such a size as to partially overlap the tops of the rods, as is shown in fig. 2, the tops of the rods at the places where the serew-head-clamps them, being eut down to allow the screw-head to come flush with the tops of the rods. An ornamental appearance muy be given to the tops of the rods by balls like T, with shortstems which pass into the rods from above, the stems of the hall-.s heilig ttedn loosely to allow a free circulation of air to and from the rods, and at the same time prevent the oil 4frombeing driven out above.

Upon the needle side of the end of arm Bis a grooved pulley or wheel, U, made in this example of wood, over which the needle-thread goes on its way to the needle. The groove is deep enough to insure that the thread shall not be accidentally removed in the operation of sewing. As the thread is drawn along iu forming the stitches, the pulley is rotated at the same speed by the pressure of the thread thereon. This devceiis substituted instead of a stationary guide, over which the thread is usually passed, and onc of its advantages is to lessen the friction of the thread at the place where its course is changed from a horizontal to a vertical direction.

The spool-spindle is mounted on the arm B, behind the guiding-wheel U, and forward of the tension-device. Upon said spool-spindle is placed a hollow spindle, whose lower cud is surrounded by a solid head, Z, which rests upon a cushion of cloth or felt, or other suitable material. From the upperl surface of head Z, near its rim, rises a sharp pin which penetrates the flange of the spool far enough to attach it thereto, and prevents it from turning independently of the head. The diameter of the hollow spindle is of such a size that it lwill tit the pin, which rises from the arm B, and the spool being retained by the sharp pin rising from the head Z, is not allowed to Wabble, or move from side to side, no matter what its bore may be, and thereby the unwinding ofthe thread is rendered regular. Instead of the sharp pin rising from the head, other means for securing the spool might be used, such as sharp-edged feathers, and, if desired, the head Z may bciplaced on top of the spool4 instead of below.

The thread is taken from the spool backwards towards the tension-spindle X, which is mounted in a hor zontal position on arm B: Said spindle has two collars, one on its outer en d to enable the spindle to be turned for adjusting the tension of the needle-thread, and the other, which is marked y, and is not fair removed from therouter end, to enable the spindle to be clamped against the take-up W, which rises from a hollow spindle that is mounted in a horizontal bearing on arm B. The said hollow spindle hasa shoulder that comes against the end ofthe bearing, and it is held against it bymeans of a nut and washer on the end ofthe tension-spindle, which latter extends through the hollow spindle and beyond the bearing far enough to receive said nut and washer.

An elasti cushion is interposedbetween the collar y an'd the take-up', and by turning the holdingnnt the cushion is compressed more or less, so as to compel the tension-spindle to move with the' take-up. The thread is taken through the outer end of the tension-spindle, past its outer collar, where it emerges to the surface of the spindle, and is taken around it one or more times, as may be desired to produce the necessary tension, and is thence carried through a hole in the lower part of the takeup, and thence between the side of the take-up and 'dat spring a, which holds'the thread fast against the take-up during those intervals when no force is applied to draw the thread from the spool.

By connecting the tension-spindle and the take-up so that they move`together, and by taking the thread directly from the tension-device to and through a hole in the take-up, I amenabled to keep the thread in such a position that the tension will not be varied during the vibrations of the'take-up bybeing partly unwound from the tension-spindle when the take-up is moved backwards.A The take-up is vibrated directly from the main drivingshaft E in the following manner: e is a horizontal arm which extends from the'eentre of motion to the take-up, in a direction to bring it over the upper end of a rod, d,vwhieh is held' in guides, and rests on a hinged arm, c, whose free end extends over a cam, b, placed on the main slxaft E; fis a spring, which constantly draws the arm e of the take-up down upon the rod d, and restores the take-up to itspriginal position after each vibration caused by the cam, the rod d being also thereby held down upon the arm c, which rests directly on the face of said cam. i

This cam is so shaped that the thread is held extended until the point of the needle Strikes the material to be sewe'd. The main shaft is provided witha beltfpulley, which consists of a solid core of metal, whose diameter is reduced between its ends to form a receptacle for a cushion of rubber or other elastic material, as is clearly shown in iig. 1, while ribs L in any convenient number extend across the sunken space from rim to rim, as is shown in Figure 5. The elastic cushion is flush with the periphery of the rims, and both are wrapped about with a covering of leather, which is secured in place by metallic bands at the ends of the pulley over the solid rims. The feed-motion is derived from a cani, z', on the main shaft E, through a pendent arm,j, which hangs down beside the shaft from the table A. The face of the arm is kept against the cam constantly by a spring, as shown in iig. 1. The back of the arm has an elastic cushion of rubber or other suitable material, which is held to the arm by being compressed between flanges, which Vrise from the sides o f the arm, and are bent over towards each other, so as to bite the sides ofthe cushion. When the arm is pushed outwards by the cam, it strikes the i end of a horizontal rod, lc, which is suspended in bearings formed on the under side of table A, and extends through a nut, n, to the side ot the table A, the said rod k having a screw-thread'formed on it where it works through the n ut, and its end at the side of the table having a thumb-piece which enables'one to turn it. T he nut n is separated from the adjacent vbearing by an elastic collar, m. Said nut has two radial arms, pp, which extend from opposite sides of the nut, and form in this example an obtuse angle with each other towards the feed-wheel. That one of said arms which extends upwards towards the table A, is forked, and embraces a pin on the end of the reversing-lever r from which rises a button-head, which moves in a slot, s, in the table, and extends through it, so that one can move said lever r from the top of the table when it isdesired to reverse the direction of the feed. rlhe direction cf the feed depends upon the position of the arms p of nut n, which arms are held by the reversinglever in' such a position that one or the other of the said arms will be beneath. one of the toes, t, of the rock-shaft u, so that the outward movement of the red k will be transmitted to the rockshaft, which will bc rocked to the right or left, according to the position given to nut n, which can be so turned that neither of its arms will act against the toes of the roch-shaft, or so that one or the other will act on the rock- .shaft through the toes t t, beneath one or the other of which the armspp are brought by the reversingdever, in manner aforesaid. The rock-shaft uextends in suitable bearings beneath the table, towards the forward end of the machine, and has fast on its forward end a crank, v, whichis forked to receive the pointed end of a lever, io, which is pivoted near its other end to the part l of the frictic vclutcln which drives the feed-wheel The said lover o is restored to its former position after avery vibration which is `given to it, from the rock-shaft by means of a spring-arm, x, which projects from the front side of the frame of the machine, and penetrates the lever not far from the and of crank u. 'lhe feed-wheel z turns upon. hollow axis, 8, which extends past the bearing 9, which supports it, to the front of the machine, outside of which it is turned upwards, as shown in iig. 1, to enable theoperator to pour in oil, herewith to lubricate the feed-wheel, the bore of the axis towards its inner end being turned and carried through one side at a point nearly opposite the middle of the hub of the feed-wheel. The axis got-s through an elongated vertical slot, 10, out through the lower end of the bearing 9, so that the feed-wheel can be adjusted vertically, and it is held tothe bearing by a washer und nut, in combination with the elast-ic box neri",

described. The hub of the feed-wheel, on its forward end, has a ange, 18, by means of which the fecit-wheel@l secured to the axle 8, by the elastic box composed of the following devices: A broad plate, 11, isplaced on the axis 8, and from the bottom of this plate extends a right-angled flange, whose 'edge has projecting corners, between which is held the lower end of a spring-plate, 12VN which is fastened to the plate 11 by a screw-'bola 13. The

spring-plate extends upwards about as high as the plate-11, and the hub of the feed-wheel goes through it. "lhc said spring-plate is separated from the flange 18 of the hub of the feed-Wheel by a rubber pncliing-ring, 16, and the said llange is separated from the plate 1l by a packing-ring, 14of leather. By means of these devices, the said flange 18 is held between elastic surfaces, and the feed-wheel consequently has its support in elastic bearings, although its axis is held to the bearing 9 in a'rigid and unyielding manner. The rear face of the feed-wheel has a circular depression with square sides, the hub of the wheel being made to project far enough to permit the food-clutch, hereinafter described, to be held thereon, so that it can operate within the depression ot' the wheel. The feed-clbtch is composed of the clutches or pieces 2 3, whereof the former is contained in said depression next to the face of the wheel, and the latter is mounted on thc former, and slides thereon, being guided between the rims of the sides of the piece. Both pieces have wide elongated central slots, to enable them to be placed over the hub of the wheel, and the upper piece 3 has guidearms, which extend inwards 'on the edge of its slot, so. as to form guides for the piece 2, and preserve parallelism in the movements of the two pieces on each other. The piece 2 is drawn towards the other and away from the inner circumference of the wheel by a spring, 4, and thereby the clutch is made to release the feed-wheel. The left-hand end ot' piece 2, observing fig. 2, is curved to tit the said inner circumference, and the piece 3 has segments, which ft within the wheel ou the opposite side. The said pieces are held upon the hub by means of u washer and key, said washer having a longitudinal locking-har, 17, on its right-hand edge, which spans the slot of piece 3, and ts under shoulders formed on the top of piece 3, so that the said piece or clutch el is locked to the hub, and has no longi tudinal motion allowed to it. The lever w has on its right-hand end (iig. 2) two cams 1 1, which are kept in contact with the left-hand end of piece or clutchS, by the force of spring 4. The piece or clutch 3 is prolonged beyond the rim of the feed-wheel, and has pivoted to the prolongation, two independent fingers 5 5, which comi pose y'ieldingjaws, which are drawn constantly towards euch other by a spring, 6. The jaws embrace stop,

7, which is made of leather or other suitable material, that has `a soft surface, vso that the contact of the jaws therewith will not produce noise.

The stop 7 is mounted upon a frame, which is pivoted by its forward end to the side of the table of the machine, so that the said frame can be moved up or down, towards or away from the under side of the table, for the purpose of varying the length ofthe stitches without changing the oscillations or motions of the rock-shaft. The stop T is moved up or towards the table by means of a. screw, 20, seen in dotted outline in lig. 2, said screw being surrounded by a. rubber tube7 19, which, when the screw is drawn outwardsto more the stop towards the table, is compressed against the under side of the table, and, when the screw is turned down, the elasticity of the rubber causes thestop to be moved downwards again to its former position,- or as far in that direetionms the release of the rubber bythe screw permits. When the stop 7 is in a line with the centre ciq the jaws, or, in other words, in a line with the centre of the feedvwheel, the length of the stitches is the same in whichever direction 'the fecd-wheel is turned. But when the stop is at one side of the centre, the stitches will bo longer in one direction than in the opposite direction, so that if the feed is rovere-ed while the sic-p is at one side of'the centre, there will be a corresponding change in the length of the stitches either longer or :shorter, aceording to the position of the :stop on one side or the other of said centre.

The shuttle S is driven by a crank from a disk on the end of the main shaft. shuttlccarrier 21 is seen Li.- sevcral figures of' the drawing, but most clearly in Figure 9, The heel of this. shuttle is overlapped by a plate, 22, which holds the shuttle down, so that the same is prevented from being lifted up so as to clamp the loop of the needle-thread between its top and the inner surface et' the'cover of the shuttle-race. The necessity forv the overlapping-plate arises frornthe peculiar movements of the needle, which has only two simple motions, to wit, one downward and one upward, there being no pausey in thelcourse of its upward motion, nor a pause followed by a slight downward movement, in order to give slack to the thread while the shuttle 1s going through its loop, as in ordinary machines; and consequently, to prevent the possibility 'of the rising of the shuttle from the pull of the needle-thread while the needle is rising, at whichtime the needle-thread loop surrounds the shuttle, I provide the said overlapping-plate 22, which acts in combination with the ordinary overlapping-plate,

extending over the point of the shuttle to preventthe shuttle from being raised from vits place and thrown against the cover of the race.

Thcineedle has no interruption or pause, neither has it a pause and retrograde movement combined, during its ascent, but its movements are a simpleand direct reciprocation, derived from a plain eccentric on the main shaft. It follows that no addition is made to the amount of slack of the needle-thread, as is the'case in ordinary sewing-machines, from or by any interruption ot` the ascending movement of the needle; and in order, therefore, to prevent any undue strain on the needle-thread from the passage ofthe shuttle through the needleloop during the simultaneous ascent of the needle, I reducel the back surface ot' the shuttle, so as to makethc shuttle narrow for the lirst half of its length, forming a depression, 25, and from thence increase its width, until it falls off again towards its heel, as shown most clearly in igs. 9 and 11.

`While the forward narrow portion ofthe shuttle is going through the loop oi thc'necdlc-thread, the needle is rising, and, at the time said loop encii'cles the shuttle at about the point 25, the needle will have risen far enough to bring its eye above the material, so that the pull'and strain thereafter made on the needle-thread by the passage through its loop of the enlarged half of the shuttle will be downwards, and in a line with the needle, and not at right angles thereto, asin ordinary shuttle sewing-machines, and no additional thread will be required in enlarging the loop for the shuttle until the needle has .left the material. This provision is of great importancein'sewing leather, where the thread is closely pressed between the needle and the sides of the hole, and the shuttle is unable to draw out enough thread to form a loop, causing the thread to snap apart.

The shuttle has on its side next the shuttle-race a hooked guiding-edge, 27, seen in Figure 10, extending nearly its whole length, which engages a reverse guiding-hook, 28,formed on the side of the shuttle-race, a suitable distance, equal at least to the distance of the-shuttles travel. One object of these guiding-hooks is to retain the needle-thread loop in its proper place, and'prevent it from being caught between the shuttle and race.

Another object of these devices is to prevent irregularity in the motion Vof the shuttle, and keep it close tothev side.ofthe race, so as to insure its taking the loop of the needle. Besides these advantages derived from the said guiding-hooks, there 4is another advantage, to wit, that I am enabled to use a shorter needle, or to decrease the distance itvtravels, in comparison with ordinary sewing-machines. This advantage is owing to the fact that the point ofthe shuttle is elevated, the thread being held by the hook 28 in such a position that it is caught by the elevated point and the side of the race, in conseoluencewhereo.t` the needle is notv required to descend any further than to bring its eye to the shoulder formed by the edge of said guidinghoeck. As an additional support to keep theshuttle upto the side of the race, I provide anpright plate, 26, which is formed by turning,

up a portion of the shuttle-carriage near its forward end, as shown in g. 9.

In order to prevent the shuttle-thread from becoming so placed that the needle will descend behind it and produce a. knot, I place on the'top ofthe shuttle a dat tongue, 24, which extends the whole length of the thread opening made in the top of the shuttle, and laps over the inner edge of the opening suiliciently close to hold the thread by friction, and carry it back when the shuttle moves backward, so that it will be behind the needle when it makes its next descent.

The shuttle is left open on its under side, and is provided with two or more tension-rods, which extend from thc pointed end towards the spool, their hinder ends being free, disconnected from each other and from the rest of the shuttle. The shuttle-thread is'taken from the spool through hole 29; thence down again into the interior of the shuttle through hole 30; thence around one or both of the tension-rods; thence through the hole 31; thence under the tongue 24. By reasonof the disconnected ends of the said rods, I am enabled to pass the thread over them, after it has been threaded through the severaLlholes of the shuttle, by'picking it up and passing it over their free ends, and it is not at any time necessary for the thread to be withdrawn from any of the holes in order to put it on one or both of said rods. Iny addition, I am enabled, by the use of two free rods, to vary and adjust the'tension in a nice and delicate manner, hyturns varying from one-quarter to three-quarters of the complete circumference of said rods respectively. i

The needl is shown detached in Figure 12. It is made out of sheet steel, by cutting it ont ofthe sheet by means of a `die-cutter of proper form. After the needle and its shank have been cut tc the proper outline, the

grooves on the front and back, which intersect the eye, are formed by proper dies. The corners of the needle are roundedo" by filing orgrinding. i

The presscr-foot, seen detachedlin Figure 7, and also seen in Figure 8, is slotted at its heel, in the manner shown, so that it can be inserted between the face ofthe screw 29 and the bottom of the pressure-rod, the said bottombeing cutaway so as to leave av rib across it, which enters the said slot. The set-screw which fastens the presser-foot goes up through said slot, and through the rib .into the body of the rod. By this construction I am enabled to remove and replace the presser-foot without removing the screw.

The presser-foot has a thread-guide, 87, formed upon it, in a line with the'needle, as shown in lig. '7. This thread-guide, in this example, consists of a tapering groove, whose, narrow end is towards the needle. Instead of attaching this thread-guide to the presscrfoot, it maybe secured to any other part ol the sewing-inaehine.r

In using it, tho needle' eye is brought opposite to thegroove, when the needle is easily threaded. One of the advantages of this device consists in insuring that the needle will be always threaded from the proper side.

The reverse-hook 28, on the side of the race, is cut away, as seen in iig. 2, to form a curved recess or slot, 32, which receives into itself that portion of the needle-thread loop which is on the inside of the shuttle, and prevents the loop from tipping over or kinking, and causes the loop to remain open, to allow the shuttleto enter it. The forward end of said recess or slot operates as a hook, which retains or holds the inner side oi the loop while the shuttle is passing through it, and so aids in preventing the loop from being caught between the shuttle' and race.

The throat-piece 33 extends across the race, at the placeof thedcscent of the needle, and is perforated,

to allow of the passage of the needle through it. That part of the throat-piece which overlaps the edge of the.

race has a downward projection, 35, seen in Figure 13, which is a perspective view of the throat-piece detached, which projection ts in a recess, 34, made on the verge of the race, (see iig. 2.) This side of the projection which is towards the race forms a shoulder, which prevents line threads from catching in the joint ofthe throat` piece, and facilitates the sliding of the thread past the joint, and, by keeping the shuttle-thread oil' from the joint, prevents it from curling, or bending inward so as to get forward .of the needle. As projection 35 is a' continuation of the throat-piece, it follows that there is no joint presented at that point, but the throat-piece and projection form an unbroken surface.

The aXis ofthe feed-wheel is square where it i's held in the slotof the bearing g, so that it cannot tixrn, by which arrangement its open end is always kept turned upwards. The hub of the feedwheel is hollow, to receive the axis, but its inner end is closed, so as to prevent oil from dripping upon the wheel.

What Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Making the needle-slide M and the guide-rod P, either or both, in the forni of tubes, closed below, so as to prevent eil used in lubricating themy from falling on the table, substantially as described. i

' 2. The combination of the guide-rods O and Q with the holding-plate S, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. Making the needle and pressure-guide rods O and Q, either or both, hollow, to allow the escape of air, substantially as described.

The combination of the thread-guide s7 with the presser-foot, substantially as described. The hook 28, formed substantially as and for the purpose described. The combination or the grooved shuttle with the hook 28, as and for thc purpose set forth.

The disconnected friction-pins in the shuttle, arranged substantially-as described. The shuttle S', constructed as shown and described. l The spring L, arranged so as to bear upwards against the needle-slide, substantially as described.

10. The combination of the eccentric f7, universal joint G I, rod F, and necdledever C, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose described. j

11. The tension-device X y, and the take-up W, arranged and combined substantially as described.

@weimar 12. The combination of the reversible slide 1^, the nut n, having armsp p, and the rock-shaft u, having toes' t t, substantially as described. Y

13. The lever w, provided-with two shoulders, 1 1, in combination with the spring x, substantially as described. v

14. The adjustable plate 7, for regulating the length of the stitches, in combination with the jaws 5 5 of the feeding-apparatus, substantially as described.

15. The box that holds the feed-wheel, composed of the rigid plate 11, the spring-plate 12, and theelasticrings 14 16, substantially as described.

16. The hollow axis in which hefeed-wheel turns, in combination with thc hollow hub, closed at one end,

substantially as shown and described. Y

. ALBIN WARTH.

Witnesses W. HAUrF,

G. BERG. 

